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Shanghai Pudong Pudong, with an area of 522.75 sq.km. and a population
of 1.53 million, is an important part of Shanghai, located on the east
bank of the Huangpu River that runs through the urban part of Shanghai.
Owing to the fact that for many years there were no bridges or tunnels
linking the two banks of the river, Pudong, separated from the Bund and
the busy Nanjing Road only by the Huangpu River, had long been lagging
far behind downtown Shanghai in economic development. Pudong in the Eyes of World Leaders and Businessmen Former US Secretary of State Dr.Henry Kissinger: Pudong is
one of the most admirable places I've ever been to. It is an incredible
success. Overall Economic Strength Ever since the development and opening up of Pudong, local economy kept on developing at a rapid speed and in a healthy manner. The overall economic strength has been growing continuously. In 1990 when the decision to develop Pudong was first announced, its GDP was only 6.02 billion yuan RMB. By 1997, it had reached 60.82 billion yuan RMB, which is tenfold the figure of eight years ago with an annual growth rate over 20% on average. Per capita GDP in Pudong has now reached 40,000 yuan RMB. Pudong has thus become a new growth point of the economy of Shanghai. (Note: on US dollar is about 8.28 yuan RMB according tot he current exchange rate.) Modern Industry The industrial sector is the pillar of Pudong's economy. In 1997, the total industrial output of the Pudong New Area was 135.77 billion yuan RMB, up 18.4% as compared with the previous year. In ownership terms, the output of state-owned industry was 48.34 billion yuang RMB, up 8.6%, while that of overseas-funded industrial enterprises was 45.74 billion yuan, up 51.9%. By the end of 1997, there were a total of 508 industrial enterprises that employ a total of 263.5000 people working in 32 categories of industrial production including shipbuilding, metallurgy, petrochemical, machinery, electronics, textile, electrical household appliances, etc. The six pillar industries of Shanghai, namely, automobile, electronics & information, innovative electrical household appliances, steel & iron, petrochemical and fine chemical have all achieved relatively quick development in Pudong. In 1997, the six pillar industries accounted for one third of the total industrial output of Pudong, demonstrating the advantages of large-scale investment, technological-intensiveness and the key role of key industries. Agriculture In Urban Area According tot he master plan of the Pudong New Area, by 2010, the urbanised part in Pudong will have reached 200 sq.km. while the land for agricultural use will be 100 sq.km. which will be built into a base of agricultural production that is featured by high yield, high quality and high efficiency and a base for an urban-type, market-oriented agribusiness with multiple functions and offering multiple services, in an effort to accelerate the building on scale of a hi-tech agribusiness. Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone With a planned area of 4 sq.km., the zone focuses on the development of hi-tech agriculture. It has imported large-size green houses from the Netherlands for growing pollution free vegetables and flowers and for agriculture. The zone has become a model for the development of modern urban-type agriculture in Pudong and also a resort for holidaying local residents. Finance To give support to Pudong's development, the Central Government of China has formulated a series of financial policies, including giving to overseas-funded banks registered in Pudong the right to be the first to run RMB business on an experimental basis. The Shanghai Municipal Government has also decided that in the development of Pudong the financial business should be given priority and has made great efforts for the promotion of the business. By the end of 1997, the number of financial institutions of different types in the Pudong New Area had reached 57. Of the 28 overseas-funded banks in Pudong, nine have got the license to do RMB business. In 1997, the total deposit and loan balance of the banks operating in Pudong, including both Chinese and foreign banks, amounted to 106.07 billion and 88.06 yuan RMB respectively, marking an increase of 12.3% and 17.9% respectively over the previous year. ANNUAL BUSINESS VALUE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE Stocks Trading 205.91 billion yuan 9.4% Shanghai Stock Exchange Shanghai Stock Exchange is located at the centre of the Lujiazui finance & Trade Zone. With a total floor space of 100,000 sq.m., the trading hall is as big as 3,600 sq.m. with 1,608 trading seats. The building is equipped with advanced telecommunications and service facilities on par with international standards in the 1990s. There are now more than 400 companies listed in Shanghai Stock Exchange, with investor accounts reaching 17.13 million. The average daily stocks trading amounted to 5.66 billion yuan RMB in 1997. More than 40 well-known financial and securities companies, such as the Franklin Templeton Group of the U.S. and the International Bank of Paris and Shanghai are now stationed in the building. Commerce Commercial activities are getting increasingly brisk in Pudong. More people are being attracted to do shopping in a booming consumer goods market. In particular, led by big shopping malls and supermarket chains like the Shanghai Nextage department Store, Time Square and the Ek Chor Lotus supermarket, the total volume of retail sale of consumer products in Pudong reached 16.22 billion yuan in 1997, up 15.7% as compared with the previous year. Zhangyang Road has become a shopping and leisure centre for the residents of Pudong. Trade In 1997, the Shanghai Oil & Cereal Exchange, the Property Right Exchange, the Real Estate Exchange and several other trading markets settled in Pudong one after another. The Shanghai commodity Exchange and the Metal Exchange are also planning to move to Pudong. There are now in the New Area nearly a hundred markets for consumer goods and means of production that can be subsumed under 23 big categories. In 1997, export from the New Area was worth US$3.76 billion, an increase of 20% over 1996. Foreign trade companies of other provinces and cities of China have now opened 89 subsidiaries in Pudong with total export in 1997 reaching US$217 million, up 90%. There are now a wider range of products for export. At the same time, such businesses as real estate, transportation, tourism and consultancy have been growing in a sustained manner. A total of 13,000 sq.m. of commercial housing was built during the year of 1997. Urban Planning Leads The Way A forward-looking and carefully thought-out master plan is called for in an effort to build Pudong into a new urban centre of Shanghai so that in the future it can meet the physical, functional, cultural and ecological requirements of a modern metropolis. To this end, the comprehensive plan for the central part of Lujiazui Finance & Trade Zone alone cost 4 million French francs. Design offices such as the Richard Rogers Partnership from the UK, Dominique Perrault Associates from France, Toyo lto & Associates Architects from Japan and Massimiano Fuksas Associates from Italy were invited to contribute their ideas so that the best of different cultures in the world can be made use of here. Infrastructure Construction To improve the investment environment of Pudong and guarantee rapid economic growth there, 25 billion yuan RMB was invested from 1990 to 1995 in a number of major infrastructure projects, including the Nanpu Bridge and the Yangpu Bridge across the Huangpu River, the expressway running north to south, a deep-water harbour with 10,000-ton-class berths, a water plant with daily supply of 400,000 tons, a gas works with daily supply of 2 million cubic meters, a power plant with total generating capacity of 3.6 million kilowatts, sewage facilities and 500,000 lines of program-controlled telephones, etc... A new round of construction efforts for larger-scale infrastructure projects started in 1996. Between 1996 and 2000, 100 billion yuan RMB will be invested in Pudong for ten major infrastructure projects, including among others an international airport, an information port and a deep-water port so as to strengthen the links between Pudong and the rest of China and the world. Pudong Information Port The key project of the future Shanghai information Port is located in the Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone of Pudong. The Pudong info Port so-called is the pivot for collecting, processing, storing, exchanging and transmitting information in Shanghai. Using multi-media, optic fibre communication, computer and satellite communication technology, the Pudong info Port will provide Chinese and overseas businessmen in the New Area with automated round-the-clock global information about trade and finance and communication service. The first phase of the project now underway is to build the Shanghai info Centre. The building will be 180 meters high, with a total floor space of 80,000 square meters. The information technology equipment installed here will be integrated with that in other parts of Shanghai as well as other parts of China and the world, thus laying the foundation of realising the plan to develop the Shanghai info Superhighway. The Lujiazui Central Graden Located at the centre of Lujiazui and covering an area of 100,000 sq.m., the landscaping effort involved a total investment of 8000 million yuan RMB, The Central Garden is an open space surrounded by high-rises. The garden, with a lake at the centre, is designed on the principle that the well-being of man comes first. With the large green space as the principal feature whose aesthetic effect is enhanced by the presence of water, the landscaping here shows the harmonious relationship between man and nature. It is an island of tranquillity in a forest of high buildings, like"a lung of the city". Looking down from high above, the blue lake in the green is shaped like Pudong on the map. The reddish brown path skirting the lake describe the outline of a white magnolia, which is the city flower of Shanghai. Transportation And Telecommunications The large-scale municipal construction over the recent years in the Pudong New Area has given a great impetus to the rapid development of the transportation and telecommunications industry in this area. By the end of 1997, there were more than 230 mass transit lines running between Pudong and downtown Shanghai and within the New Area with a daily carrying capacity of 1.3 million person/times. In addition, there are 7 ferry lines able to carry 550,000 person/times per day. It takes a resident in Pudong about 30 minutes to arrive at the People's Square in downtown Shanghai by mass transit. The telephone service in Pudong has now the capacity to serve 810,000 subscribers, with the number of actual users standing now at over half a million. The telecommunications service has been developing rapidly. Overseas Investment In the past eight years, overseas direct investment in the Pudong New Area has been growing continuously. By the end of may 1998, the Pudong New Area had played host to 5,150 overseas-funded projects, with a total investment of US$25.69 billion. Pledged increased from US$34 million in 1990 to US$16.26 billion. INVESTORS BY COUNTRY OR REGION Tnc's In Pudong The superior investment environment in Pudong has attracted
a large number of TNCs. At present, there are a total of 85 world-know
TNCs investing in 138 enterprises in Pudong, among which the The Shanghai General Motors(SGN) Located in the jinqiao Export Processing Zone of Pudong New Area and covering an area of 550,000 sq.m. with total floor space reaching 230,000 sq.m., the Shanghai General Motors Co., Ltd. Is a joint venture between the Shanghai Automobile industry company (Group) and the General Motors of US with a total investment of US$1.52 billion. This project, which is up to now the biggest Sino-US joint venture, will engage in manufacturing medium grade and luxury cars on models like Regal and Century in the Buick 1997 Series and G-vans. Trial production will begin by the end of 1998 and the planned annual output will be 100,000 units per year. INTEL TECHNOLOGY (CHINA)CO.,LTD. Domestic Investment While having more and more to do with the rest of the world, Pudong has also attracted many domestic investors in the course of its development. Pudong has received great support from other parts of the country which have provided it with the needed capital and technology and launched new projects in the New Area. By the end of 1997, ministries and commissions under the Central Government and over 20 provinces and cities had invested in a total of 4569 projects in Pudong, with total registered capital exceeding 14.7 billion yuan RMB. At the same time, nearly 400,000 workers from various parts of China have joined in infrastructural development and capital construction in Pudong. In all, Pudong has offered a total of 200,000 jobs for workers from other provinces and cities of China. THE SHANGHAI PERFECT JINQIAO UNITED DEVELOPMENT CO.LTD. JINMAO BUILDING Brief Historical Sketch While working out a master plan and constructing key infrastructure projects in the development of new functions, Pudong had as a first step started on the construction of some key development zones such as the Lujiazui Finance & Trade Zone, the Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, the Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone and the Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park. Each of the four, in line with its own specific designed functions, has its distinctive characteristics in development model and business orientation. Thanks to the efforts made over the past eight years, these key development zones have now a basically complete physical shape. At the same time, the construction of the Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone, the Huaxia Cultural & Tourism Zone, the Wangqiao industrial Park and the Liuli Residential District is proceeding apace. All these together will give an impetus to the growth of support industries and to the economic development of adjacent areas. Lujiazui Finance & Trade Zone Located at the heart of the Pudong New Area with an area of 28 sq.km., the zone centres on the development of finance, trade and commerce. By the end of 1997, a total of 4.92 sq.km. of land had been developed. More than 140 modern high-rises, each of a distinctive architectural style, are under construction or have already been completed. Of these, 18 will be occupied by financial institutions like banks, securities companies and insurance companies and some of them are already in use. The financial street, the trade block and the commerce block are now taking shape. The Shanghai Stock Exchange, the Real Estate Exchange, the Oil & Cereal Exchange and some other her production factors markets, together with nearly 60 Chinese and overseas-funded financial institutions and the headquarters or regional headquarters of more than then Chinese and foreign companies and company groups have moved here one after another. Along with the Bound on the west bank of the Huangpu, they will form the future CBD of Shanghai. Century Avenue With a total length of about 4.2 km and width of 100 m, the Century Avenue Starts at the exit of the Pudong end of the East Yan'an Rd. Tunnel and ends at Central Park. The construction is planned to be completed before the end of 1999. This avenue forms a part of the network of roads for easy, unimpeded traffic in the centre of Pudong, the other roads being Pudong Avenue, Zhangyang Road, Yanggao Road, Dongfang Road, Pudong Road (s). The Century Avenue traverses the financial street, the commercial block and the trade block and also the administrative centre, accentuating the architectural impact of the towering buildings on the two sides. With the Central Garden and Central Park at each end and a 100,000 sq.m. greenbelt on the flanks, the Century Avenue will form a most beautiful green-shaded thoroughfare in Shanghai. Jinqiao Export Processing Zone Located at the heart of the Pudong New Area and covering an area of 19 sq.km., according to the master plan, the zone will play host mainly to the manufacturing sector, funded either by domestic or by foreign capital. By the end of 1997, 302 foreign companies, including 49 world-famous TNCs, had come and settled here. The average amount of money sunk in each project exceeded US$23 million. Such well-known projects as SGM, Shanghai Huahong Microelectronics, Shanghai Bell, Shanghai Sharp, etc. Are all located in Jinqiao. Many projects in new and hi-tech industries such as telecommunications, new types of household electrical appliances, medicine, foods, genetic engineering, automobile and computer hardware and software have been put into operation. The total industrial output here has been increasing at an annual rate 50%. It is estimated that by the year 2000 the total industrial output here will exceed 100 billion yuan RMB, providing proof that modern manufacturing industry is characterised by technology-intensiveness, high productivity and high profitability. THE SHANGHAI HUAHONG NEC MICROELECTRONICS PROJECT Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park Located near the centre of the Pudong New Area, the park covers an area of 17 sq.km... The manufacturing projects in the park bear such common characteristics as large investment, technology-intensive products, great market potential and impressive returns. Quickly emerging here is a biomedicine valley, and biomedical projects are developing fast. In the park will be built the National Biomedical and Bioengineering Base and biotechnology, microelectronics and computer software will receive special support here. Well-known companies in the park include the Shanghai Roche Pharmaceutical Corporation, Medtronic International Co., Ltd., etc... A Rule-by-Law Environment The Pudong New Area Administration consistently believes that the creation of an environment where the law sees to everything and where community affairs are administered in accordance with the law is vital to the improvement of the investment environment. Since 1990, more than 100 statutes or regulatory measures governing economic and social life have been issued by the state, the Shanghai Municipality and the New Area administration in an effort to protect the legitimate interests of investors, business-men and residents of Pudong. The New Area Administration has made clear that an honest and clean government is a crucial part of the investment environment. In line with this principle, great efforts have been made to educate local civil servants on the importance of dedication and honest behaviour and to help improve their ability to work according to international practices. Legal Service Legal service grows quickly in Pudong. The number of legal firms and offices has reached to 75 in 1997 as compared with 3 in 1990. Currently there are 702 licensed lawyers or solicitors practicing in the Pudong New Area. Legal Aid The Pudong New Area legal Aid Centre is the first such agency in China (not including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). It offers free legal services to helpless old people, disabled persons, children in need of help and families in needy circumstances such as giving legal advice, undertaking defense in criminal cases and representing the party concerned in civil cases, etc... Protection of IP Rights In the Pudong New Area, great importance is attached to the
protection of intellectual property rights. Policies for the protection
of IP rights and strict anti-piracy measures have been adopted. The Huarun
Law Office and the Tianren Law Firm of Pudong New Area specialise in offering
legal services on the protection of intellectual property rights. The
People's court in Pudong has leg the way in the country in setting up
an Intellectual Property Rights Court to deal with such cases. Education The development of Pudong does not simply mean the building of industrial projects, but also the development of social services. The ultimate goal of the development of Pudong is to achieve overall social progress. In the process of rapid urbanisation, cultural work, education, health care and community services are making progress at the same time. Take education as an example, the Pudong New Area Administration spends about a quarter of its annual fiscal revenue on the development of education. As a result, there are now nearly 500 schools engaged in basic education and technical or vocational training. There are about 25,000 people working in schools and some 283,000 students. The statutory nine-year compulsory education for children has been realised in Pudong and the enrolment of school age children has reached 100%. In addition, the Shanghai American School, Pinghe Bilingual School, Fortune Kindergarten and some other schools for foreign children are also located Pudong to serve the needs of overseas investors. THE CHINA EUROPE INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SCHOOL (CEIBS) THE SHANGHAI AMERICAN SCHOOL Medical Care The rapid growth of Pudong's economy has given an impetus
to the quick development of health service. By the end of 1997, the number
of hospital beds in Pudong had been increased to 5,298, which was 3.42
beds per thousand heads with a total of 8,320 health-care workers, which
was 5.3 per thousand heads. The average life expectancy of Pudong residents
has risen from 76.6 at the beginning of 1993 to the 76.97 at present. Culture & Sports As a major cultural centre of China, Shanghai boasts a full range of cultural and sports facilities and engages actively in international sports activities. The recent years have seen a rapid development of cultural and sports facilities in the Pudong New Area along with fast-pace municipal construction, resulting in the completion of such facilities as the Pudong Sports Centre, a baseball field, a Rugby field and a natatorium, etc. Dragon dance and other open-air performances are frequently held. All this has made the cultural life of Pudong residents more colourful. Pudong is also a base for football in China and the home place of many famous football stars in China. The team of the Pudong Football club is now one of a the B-class teams of the All-China Football A league. Community Service Pudong is making active efforts to build a new type of community
service, expanding social work, training professional social workers and
setting up hotline services. Teams of volunteers have been organised in
each community and the residents are earnestly invited to join in mutual-help
activities. In Pudong there have been established residents' centres whose
main function is to provide community service. Homes for destitute old
people, centres for the spreading of information about Popular science
and service centres have been built in the neighbourhoods to provide residents
with a full range of services, such as physical training, job training,
day care, etc.. In this way, the residents of Pudong will be able to enjoy
a more comfortable, secure and congenial life. In Economy Maintain an average annual GDP growth rate of over 10% during this period and ultimately Pudong will account for one third of Shanghai's GDP. The proportionate share of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in the economy will become more rationally and sensibly balanced. Finance, trade and new and hi-tech industry will account for over 70% of the GDP. In Infrastructure Complete a new round of infrastructure development with such major projects as the new international airport, the new deep-water port, the teleport, etc.. Develop a rounded-out mass transit system based on subway, light railway and other modern means of transport. complete to a large extent the construction of the four key development zones (totalling 160 sq.km.) that have had a head start in the development of Pudong. By the year 2010, Pudong will have 200 sq.km. of land fully urbanised and a population of 2.1-2.2 million. In Functional Development Build Pudong into the home of a considerable number of world-class financial, commercial and manufacturing businesses and make Pudong a bridge between the domestic and the international market. In Building a Socialist Market Structure Work for the formation and perfection of a new market structure that can expedite capital flow both nationally and internationally and can expedite the distribution of goods and the exchange of technology, human resources and information. Develop a stock market, a commodity market and a technology market that can lead the way in China's national economy. Build an efficient administrative system and improve the legal system. In Social Undertakings Create an environment that can support and sustain social
progress. With emphasis on the all-round development of man, launch social
causes that are commensurate with economic development. Basically establish
before the turn of the century an integrated system of scientific research,
continuing education, health service and social insurance that can lead
the way nationally.
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